10 (1), JANUARY, 2026
Pages: 1-11
Phenotypic and molecular diversity of Nepalese rice (Oryza sativa l.) landraces: a comprehensive review of characterization, evaluation, and conservation strategies
Author: S. Ghimire, R.Lamsal, A. Sankuratri
Category: Genetics and plant breeding
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Abstract:
Nepal is in a unique place between the Indo-Gangetic plains and the foothills of the Himalayas.This location has made it home to roughly 2,500 traditional rice varieties that farmers have grown and selected over thousands of years. These landraces have a lot of genetic features that could help feed the planet as the climate changes. This review paper brings together what we know about these rice varieties from studies done between 2010 and 2025. The research shows wide differences in how these plants look and grow. Plant height ranges from 85 to 165 cm, flowering time spans 65 to 180 days, and grain weight varies from 15 to 35 grams per thousand seeds. When scientists looked at the DNA using SSR and SNP markers, they found high genetic diversity with expected heterozygosity between 0.42 and 0.78.
Keywords: Phenotypic, molecular diversity, Nepalese, rice
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